methods of raising profit in a newspaper

Methods of raising profit:	Pros:	Cons:
Hire more journalists to cover a bigger range of events.	You’ll get more and interesting stories to attract people to the newspaper.	It will be very expensive to do.
Put more ‘sponsored content’ online and in your paper.	You’ll get money from the companies you advertise.	Your newspaper will be more advertisements than news and people won’t read it.
Sack journalists	You’ll save lots of money.	You won’t have any (or good) stories, they’re the most important part.
Make journalists tweet more	They are interacting with the public.	It’s demanding and may get boring for audiences, based more on gossip and drama then real life, serious news.
Make journalists write about celebrities more.	May attract people and is cheaper.	The newspaper won’t have any relevant news, it will become a gossip magazine.
Ask readers to write stories (for free)	Lots of interesting stories for free.	They could post fake news, inappropriate things and inaccurate information.
Shut down your paper (go online only)	Its cost effective and that’s where most people go.	That is helping the internet which is what is taking over the newspaper industry in the first place.
Decrease the price of newspaper (or make it free)	You could attract more readers.	You’ll get little to no money for the paper.

If i owned my own newspaper company, i would ask readers to write stories for free BUT monitor the posts and double check the accuracy, validity and content before it can be posted. I would also put more 'sponsored content' in the newspaper but just on the sides out of the way so it doesn't consume the whole paper. Lastly i would get the journalists on social media such as snapchat, instagram, facebook and twitter.

modes of address

Audience Readings

preferred / negotiated / oppositional 

 preferred- This is when audiences respond to the product the way media producers want / expect them to.

Negotiated Reading - This is when a member of the audience partly agrees with part of the product. .e.g film, documentary, tv programme.

Oppositional Reading - This is when the audience are in complete disagreement with the products message or setting.

Modes of address

Direct / indirect : authoritative/ familiar 

direct- speaking to the viewer directly using 'you' or 'your' which reinforces preferred reading.

indirect- More 'objective' speech.

authoritative- telling you what to do, what to think i.e. "this is sportswear' 

familiar- more chatty and friendly,they're trying to be your friend by using 'familiar' and 'casual' speech.

TASK

come up with 4 slogans, Direct, indirect, authoritative and familiar.

direct- making your life more easier 

indirect- 

authoritative-  This is the phone you NEED!

familiar- 

'This is abuse- would you stop yourself?'

The audience are people in relationships, male and female.it was made by the 'this is abuse' campaign to get people in relationships to take a look at how they're treated or how they treat their partner to put an end to abuse. They use emotion and guilt to make us feel sympathetic because we know its wrong, but we feel helpless. 

'be food smart- challenge4life' 

The government can help by introducing free apps like these so we can help monitor the food and drink we consume. They use direct address so that we feel like the boy is talking to us by saying things like 'you' and 'your'. They use shocking facts and put imagery in by saying that children can develop heart disease or type 2 diabetes just from the sugars they consume daily. 

TASK 4

'This is abuse- would you stop yourself?'

The intended audience are people in relationships, male and female.it was made by the 'this is abuse' campaign to get people in relationships to take a look at how they're treated or how they treat their partner to put an end to abuse. They use emotion and guilt to make us feel sympathetic because we know its wrong, but we feel helpless, just as the person behind the glass does.

'be food smart- challenge4life' 

The government can help by introducing free apps like these so we can help monitor the food and drink we consume. They use direct address so that we feel like the boy is talking to us by saying things like 'you' and 'your'. They use shocking facts and put imagery in by saying that children can develop heart disease or type 2 diabetes just from the sugars they consume daily. 

'starbucks- white cup challenge'

According to IPSOS user generated content is 35% more memorable and 50% more trusted than any other form of media. One reason USG is so powerful is because it is cost effective. distributors have to pay a lot of money to put their advertisements on trains, on TV's etc but when it's USG, it's not necessarily free but it is a lot cheaper. Another reason it is so powerful is because of word of mouth, if a lot of people are saying its good, more people will trust it and buy it, or even big social media influencers have a big impact on their audience, if someone has really nice teeth and they're promoting coal teeth whitener, people are likely to buy it.

addressing methods

Key Terms:

user generated content (UGC) - content made by non professionals (social media posts, blogs, pinterest). positives are that it is cost effective, people trust those they know (friends or influencers). it is 35% more memorable than other media and 50%  more trusted.

shareable content - content that can be shared to people, i.e. on twitter, instagram etc. around 1/3 of the content we share is user generated.

pro-sumer- we produce our own content. since 1980's the term 'prosumer' has been used to blur the lines between consumer and a producer.

participatory culture- today we take part in the media, rather than just consume it. (used by theorist Henry Jenkins).

collective intelligence- a concept that produces the 'nobody knows everything, we all know something, therefore together we can know everything'. This is a participatory culture (used by theorist Henry Jenkins)

powerpoint

ESSAY

I will be analysing fragrance adverts as they are very good examples of how women and men are portrayed in the media in today’s society. One of the adverts I’m analysing is for a Calvin Klein men’s fragrance called ‘Reveal’ which connotes the idea of nudity. Underneath it say’s ‘fragrance for him’. The next advert I will be analysing is the Estee lauder perfume ‘beautiful’ which sounds a lot less sexual then the first one. It says, ‘this is your moment to be beautiful’.

Advert 1

This Calvin Klein advert shows the words ‘REVEAL’ in the centre of the page, with a handsome man in the centre background with a naked woman kissing him.

They used a mid-shot to capture the man from head to waist but also to capture the naked women from her head to the start of her bottom which is ironic because the perfume is called ‘reveal’ they’re just not ‘revealing’ the rest of her. The fact that the couple fill out the page means that we can only look at them, they’re what the advertisers want us to focus on. The mise-en-scene is the mans unbuttoned shirt which makes him look ‘sexy’ and slightly available, but not really, whereas the woman is shown as naked, she’s completely available. The perfume colour is blue to appeal to the male audience more. The encourage text say’s ‘Reveal’ which is what the people in the advert are doing, revealing themselves. It also say’s ‘the new fragrance for him’ which lets us know who the fragrance is aimed at, but the use of ‘for him’ Is more direct and makes members of the target audience feel superior, more important and as if they are the only ‘him’ then if it were to say, ‘for men’ which is very open to anyone. The ad shows that in society, men are in charge and more superior then women, the female is shown as vulnerable. The woman is objectified and shown as a ‘sex object’ because she’s completely naked and being held by the clothed man as though she is his ‘property’. The advert is reinforcing patriarchy that men are superior because he’s looking stern into the camera with confidence while the naked woman is kissing him as if he owns her ans she is shying away from the camera. The image of the two has been airbrushed to give the female a flawless, ‘sexy’ body which is also raising impossible expectations for younger generations. They are just showing the most ‘common’ type of sexuality which is heterosexuality.

Advert 2

In the advert, it features a woman on her wedding day, smelling flowers that a young boy, maybe her son, is giving her. They used a long shot so we can see both people’s full body and the background to establish they are at a wedding venue. For mise-en-scene the costume is a wedding dress, which tells us what’s happening, the flowers which may hint what the fragrance smells like and the props in the back. The anchorage text say’s ‘this is your moment to be beautiful’ which shows that it’s not about being ‘sexy’ for once, its women’s time to shine as ‘beautiful’. In this ad they show women as important, beautiful, elegant and graceful beings, not men’s puppets. No one is being objectified in this ad, she’s being seen as an idol to her son. The advert is challenging patriarchy and the stereotype that women are ‘sex objects’ however we still do have one stereotype of the role of the ‘mother’. The woman is portrayed as beautiful rather than sexy which is a step forward to equality. The Ad doesn’t tell us her sexuality, we don’t know if she’s marrying a man or a woman because it is only her and her son featured.

One major comparison in these adverts is the representation of women, in the first, the woman is seen as sexy, vulnerable, the man’s accessory, and shy. But in the second advert, she’s shown as classy, confident, independent and graceful.  Another comparison is the relationships featured, in the first it is a sexual relationship between a man and a woman, which focuses on the idea of sex, in the second, it’s a maternal relationship between a mother and her son, which focuses on love. However both images are ‘touched up’ which reinforce the false meaning of ‘beauty’ that society is giving generations.

Conclusion

From looking at these adverts and more, I’ve learnt that most of the time, women are seen in stereotypical way’s or as a man’s accessory in a sexual nature, however, some companies are trying to remove this by presenting women in a more positive way, but even when they’re removing ‘sex’ from the equation, there is still the idea of what ‘real beauty’ is, So this means that gender stereotypes are still very much existing in the world of advertising, they’re improving the way genders are stereotyped, but I don’t believe It will ever really be gone.

audience segmentation

Audience segmentation

Demographics- age, gender, ethnicity, household income (social class).

SOCIAL GRADING..

(ABC1's- the wealthiest and higher up, C2DE's lower down such as manual workers)

Psychographics- based on attitudes, cross cultural consumer characterisation.
I.E.
resigned- rigid, strict, authoritarian values. orientated to the past, thinks things used to be better.

struggler- disorganized, heavy consumers of alcohol, junk food, spend money on instant gratification

mainstreamer- domestic, conformist, conventional, sentimental, part of the mass, want what everyone else has.

aspirer- materialistic, image, appearance, charisma, persona and fashion. attractive packaging more important then contents.

succeeder- strong goal, brand choice based on reward, quality has to be the best.

explorer- energy, confidence, want to try new things.(young student)